C++ Structs

A structure can be used to group several data types into place.

struct {
	int num;
	char letter;
	bool isYes;
} structVar;

Accessing a member of a structure requires the dot syntax.

struct {
	int num;
	char letter;
	bool isYes;
} structVar;
 
structVar.num = 1;
structVar.letter = 'P';
structVar.isYes = False;

In the example above, we simply assigned a value to a member of the struct structVar.
Using cout, we can output the values of the members of the struct using the dot notation as well:

cout << structVar.num << endl; // Outputs 1
cout << structVar.letter << endl; // Outputs 'P'
cout << structVar.isYes << endl; //Outputs False

We can also put a name to our structure, say this player information structure:

struct playerInfo {
	int level;
	float expAmt;
	int strLevel;
	int intLevel;
	int magLevel;
	int defLevel;
	bool isDead;
	bool isStandby;
	bool isEating;
	float hpAmt;
	float mpAmt;
};

We can use it as a data type.

playerInfo playerAlex;

playerAlex now has the same structure as the playerInfo.
We can now assign a value to specific information abut playerAlex.

playerAlex.level = 10;
playerAlex.expAmt = 10.564;
playerAlex. strLevel = 7;
// ...
 
cout << playerAlex.level << endl; // Outputs 10
cout << playerAlex.strlevel << endl; // Outputs 7

We can also do this for multiple variables, say if we have multiple players: playerSteve, playerChloe, playerSam.

playerInfo playerSteve;
playerInfo playerAlex;
playerInfo playerSam;

We can now assign each of them their own specific player info based on the structure above.